Get Relief Of Foot Pain By Understanding The Structure And Ailments Of Your Feet
If your feet hurt, you may be able to ease the pain if you have a better understanding of foot anatomy and common foot problems.
The foot has 28 bones, 30 joints, and more than 100 muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These structures work together to carry out two main functions: weight-bearing and propulsion. Plus, the foot must be flexible to adapt to uneven surfaces and remain stable.
Common foot problems include plantar fasciitis, bunions, flat feet, heel spurs, mallet toe, metatarsalgia, claw toe, and Morton’s neuroma.
This article provides an overview of foot anatomy and foot problems that come from overuse, injury, and normal wear and tear of the foot.
What Causes Flat Feet
Having flat feet may be in your genes. As a child ages, arches form in the feet. Some people have high arches, while others have very low or nearly absent arches, causing flat feet.
Some people develop flat feet later in life. The condition sometimes runs in families. And certain problems increase your risk of flat feet, including:
When To Get Medical Advice
You can usually treat metatarsalgia at home without seeing your GP.
However, you should get medical advice if:
- the pain doesn’t improve despite trying self-help measures
- the pain significantly interferes with your normal activities
- you develop sudden and very severe foot pain or a change in the shape of your foot this could be a sign of a more serious problem that requires immediate treatment
Your GP can arrange a number of tests to check for any underlying problems, such as X-rays, scans or blood tests.
They can also refer you to a health professional that specialises in foot care, such as a podiatrist, , physiotherapist, or foot and ankle surgeon.
These specialists may recommend additional treatments, such as custom-made insoles , foot and ankle exercises, steroid injections or, in rare cases, surgery.
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What Can I Expect If I Have Edema
It’s very important to see your healthcare provider if you experience edema or swelling in your body. Edema can stretch your skin and if not treated, swelling could increase and cause serious health problems.
Edema can be a short-term or long-term condition, depending on its cause. Treatment is available to help you manage any underlying conditions that might cause edema or you can make simple lifestyle changes to reduce swelling and fluid buildup in your body.
What Is A Ligament Sprain
You can sprain a ligament in your foot by twisting your foot or rolling your ankle. These injuries often occur along with an ankle sprain.
Foot ligament sprains are graded 1, 2 or 3, depending on the amount of damage to the ligament:
- Grade 1 sprain: The ligament is stretched and may have microscopic tears.
- Grade 2 sprain: The ligament is partially torn.
- Grade 3 sprain: The ligament is completely torn.
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How To Look After Your Feet
We probably spend more time maintaining our cars than we do our feet. It’s amazing how little care we give them, considering what complex machines they are and what we expect them to do. However, when things do go wrong they soon start complaining! Foot pain should never be ignored, particularly if it occurs daily and becomes persistent.
There are some simple things you can do to look after your feet.
Who Is Most Likely To Experience Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis affects an estimated 2 million people per year.
You put stress on your plantar fascia ligament with each step you take. Anyone can get plantar fasciitis, but certain factors increase your risk:
- High arches in your feet.
- Repetitive, high-impact motion .
- Tight calf muscles and Achilles tendon.
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How Is Edema Diagnosed
Your healthcare provider will give a physical examination to diagnose edema, followed by diagnostic tests to find the cause. They will look for swelling, especially on parts of your body where your skin has a shiny or stretched appearance.
What is edema grading?
Edema grading is a scale used to identify the severity of your edema diagnosis and estimate how much fluid built up in your tissues.
Your healthcare provider will test an area of your body for edema by gently pressing their finger on a swollen area of your skin for five to 15 seconds . After they release pressure, a dimple will appear in your skin. The pit indicates that there is fluid built up in your tissues.
The edema grading scale measures how quickly the dimple goes back to normal after a pitting test. The scale includes:
- Grade 1: Immediate rebound with 2 millimeter pit.
- Grade 2: Less than 15-second rebound with 3 to 4 mm pit.
- Grade 3: Rebound greater than 15 seconds but less than 60 seconds with 5 to 6 mm pit.
- Grade 4: Rebound between 2 to 3 minutes with an 8 mm pit.
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How Can I Prevent Edema
Sometimes, you cant prevent what caused edema if it is the result of an underlying health condition like heart failure, liver or kidney disease, but you can work with your healthcare provider to manage symptoms.
If the cause of edema is too much salt intake, adjusting your diet to reduce the amount of salt in the foods you eat will prevent edema.
You can also prevent edema by moving around more frequently. Sitting or standing without moving could cause fluid to build up in your tissues. If you notice youve been sitting for a long period of time and youre able to, get up or move your body around it will reduce the likelihood of swelling.
What Are Foot Ligaments
Foot ligaments are strong bands of tissue that connect various bones in your foot. The ligaments in your foot help stabilize it. They also provide necessary support to the arches in your feet.
Because there are so many bones in the foot, there are also numerous ligaments connecting them. Some of the main ligaments in the foot are:
- Plantar fascia ligament: Runs underneath your foot from the heel to the base of your toes.
- Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament: A strong ligament that connects bones in the ankle and foot, gives your arch structure and helps support your body weight.
- Calcaneocuboid ligament: Connects your heel bone to your tarsal bones that make up your foots arch.
- Lisfranc ligaments: Located beneath the Lisfranc joint in the midfoot.
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Skeletal Muscles Act In Pairs Called Flexors And Extensors
For example, the hamstring muscle at the back of the femur is a knee flexor. When it contracts, the knee bends and the leg moves toward the hip. The quadriceps muscle at the front of the femur is an extensor. When it contracts, the knee straightens and the leg moves away from the hip. At the same time, the hamstring relaxes so the quadriceps can pull the limb back to its original length.
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What Is Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is the most common foot ligament injury. Its also the most common cause of heel pain.
The plantar fascia ligament stretches along the bottom of your foot from your heel. When the plantar fascia ligament overstretches or tears, the inflammation leads to pain on the bottom of the heel.
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Is The Top Of The Foot Dorsal Or Ventral
Note the dorsal surfaces of the body, muzzle, feet. In anatomy, the sole of the foot is called the plantar surface. The top of the foot is called the dorsum of the foot.
What is a foot bottom?
The sole is the bottom of the foot. In humans the sole of the foot is anatomically referred to as the plantar aspect.
Does dorsal mean foot?
dor·sum of foot the back, or upper surface, of the foot.
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What Is The Treatment For Problems In The Top Of The Foot
Treatment for problems in the top of the foot depends on the cause.
For many types of foot problems and foot pain, the RICE method can be used:
- Rest: keep weight off the affected foot
- Ice: to decrease pain, swelling, and redness
- Use an ice pack or ice wrapped in a towel
- Apply crushed ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, several times daily
Other home remedies for problems in the top of the foot include:
- Wearing roomy shoes with a low heel and soft sole
- Using soft insoles or pads inside the shoes
- Losing weight if overweight
- Taking acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain
- Avoiding sports or other activities that may have caused the pain
- Not walking or standing for long periods
- Avoiding wearing high heels or tight or pointy shoes
If problems with the top of the foot cause severe pain or difficulty walking, treatment may include:
- Splint or cast if a bone is fractured
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